§1 Plant
Alnus rubra Bong.
vernacular red alder — species · Betulaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Betulaceae Gray
- Genus
- Alnus
§2a
Native status, by region
- AK Alaska Native
- CAN Canada Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 68 counties across 5 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Medium
- Shade
- High
- Moisture use
- High
- Fire
- High
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- Low
- CaCO₃
- Low
- Hedging
- High
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -22 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 180 min.
- Precipitation
- 24–220 in/yr
- pH range
- 4.3–7.3
- Root depth
- 25 in min.
- Fertility need
- Medium
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Stem
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Lifespan
- Short
- Mature height
- 90 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 50 ft
- Foliage texture
- Coarse
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Dense
- Porosity (winter)
- Moderate
- Flower colour
- Red
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- Yes
- N fixation
- High
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Early Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Fall
- Seed ends
- Spring
- Spread rate
- Rapid
- Stratify
- No
- Seeds / lb
- 868,800
- Propagation
- seed, cuttings, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Routinely Available
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Medium
- Palatable, human
- No
- Protein potential
- Low
- Lumber
- Yes
- Fuelwood
- Medium
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 68 counties across 5 states/territories.
California view state ↗ 11 N ▾
Idaho view state ↗ 10 N ▾
Oregon view state ↗ 21 N ▾
Washington view state ↗ 22 N ▾
- Chelan 53007
- Clallam 53009
- Clark 53011
- Columbia 53013
- Cowlitz 53015
- Grays Harbor 53027
- Island 53029
- Jefferson 53031
- King 53033
- Klickitat 53039
- Lewis 53041
- Mason 53045
- Pacific 53049
- Pierce 53053
- San Juan 53055
- Skagit 53057
- Skamania 53059
- Snohomish 53061
- Spokane 53063
- Thurston 53067
- Wahkiakum 53069
- Whatcom 53073
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/ALRU2 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/2876176 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z