Index / Search / Campanulastrum americanum
§1 Plant
Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small
vernacular American bellflower — species · Campanulaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Forb/herb
- Duration
- Annual
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Campanulaceae Juss.
- Genus
- Campanulastrum
§2a
Native status, by region
- CAN Canada Native
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 940 counties across 27 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- Low
- Moisture use
- Medium
- Fire
- None
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- Medium
- CaCO₃
- Medium
- Hedging
- None
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- 52 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 160 min.
- Precipitation
- 30–60 in/yr
- pH range
- 5.5–7.5
- Root depth
- 8 in min.
- Fertility need
- Medium
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Crown
- Growth rate
- Rapid
- Mature height
- 6 ft
- Foliage texture
- Medium
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Porous
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- Blue
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Summer
- Seed abundance
- Low
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- No
- Seeds / lb
- 700,000
- Propagation
- seed, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Contracting Only
- Nursery stock
- No
- Palatable, human
- No
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 940 counties across 27 states/territories.
Alabama view state ↗ 4 N ▾
Arkansas view state ↗ 34 N ▾
- Baxter 05005
- Benton 05007
- Boone 05009
- Carroll 05015
- Cleveland 05025
- Conway 05029
- Crittenden 05035
- Cross 05037
- Franklin 05047
- Fulton 05049
- Garland 05051
- Greene 05055
- Independence 05063
- Izard 05065
- Lawrence 05075
- Lee 05077
- Logan 05083
- Madison 05087
- Marion 05089
- Monroe 05095
- Montgomery 05097
- Newton 05101
- Phillips 05107
- Pike 05109
- Poinsett 05111
- Polk 05113
- Pope 05115
- Randolph 05121
- Saline 05125
- Searcy 05129
- Sharp 05135
- St. Francis 05123
- Stone 05137
- Washington 05143
Florida view state ↗ 3 N ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 10 N ▾
Illinois view state ↗ 96 N ▾
- Adams 17001
- Alexander 17003
- Bond 17005
- Boone 17007
- Bureau 17011
- Calhoun 17013
- Carroll 17015
- Cass 17017
- Champaign 17019
- Christian 17021
- Clark 17023
- Clay 17025
- Coles 17029
- Cook 17031
- Crawford 17033
- Cumberland 17035
- DeKalb 17037
- Douglas 17041
- DuPage 17043
- Edgar 17045
- Edwards 17047
- Effingham 17049
- Fayette 17051
- Ford 17053
- Franklin 17055
- Fulton 17057
- Gallatin 17059
- Greene 17061
- Grundy 17063
- Hamilton 17065
- Hancock 17067
- Hardin 17069
- Henderson 17071
- Henry 17073
- Iroquois 17075
- Jackson 17077
- Jasper 17079
- Jefferson 17081
- Jersey 17083
- Jo Daviess 17085
- Johnson 17087
- Kane 17089
- Kankakee 17091
- Kendall 17093
- Knox 17095
- Lake 17097
- LaSalle 17099
- Lawrence 17101
- Lee 17103
- Livingston 17105
- Logan 17107
- Macon 17115
- Macoupin 17117
- Marion 17121
- Marshall 17123
- Mason 17125
- Massac 17127
- McDonough 17109
- McHenry 17111
- McLean 17113
- Menard 17129
- Mercer 17131
- Monroe 17133
- Montgomery 17135
- Morgan 17137
- Moultrie 17139
- Ogle 17141
- Peoria 17143
- Perry 17145
- Piatt 17147
- Pike 17149
- Pope 17151
- Putnam 17155
- Randolph 17157
- Richland 17159
- Rock Island 17161
- Saline 17165
- Sangamon 17167
- Schuyler 17169
- Scott 17171
- Shelby 17173
- St. Clair 17163
- Stark 17175
- Stephenson 17177
- Tazewell 17179
- Union 17181
- Vermilion 17183
- Wabash 17185
- Warren 17187
- Wayne 17191
- White 17193
- Whiteside 17195
- Will 17197
- Williamson 17199
- Winnebago 17201
- Woodford 17203
Indiana view state ↗ 83 N ▾
- Adams 18001
- Allen 18003
- Bartholomew 18005
- Blackford 18009
- Boone 18011
- Brown 18013
- Carroll 18015
- Cass 18017
- Clark 18019
- Clay 18021
- Clinton 18023
- Crawford 18025
- Daviess 18027
- Dearborn 18029
- Decatur 18031
- DeKalb 18033
- Delaware 18035
- Elkhart 18039
- Fayette 18041
- Floyd 18043
- Fountain 18045
- Franklin 18047
- Fulton 18049
- Gibson 18051
- Grant 18053
- Greene 18055
- Hamilton 18057
- Hancock 18059
- Harrison 18061
- Hendricks 18063
- Howard 18067
- Huntington 18069
- Jackson 18071
- Jasper 18073
- Jay 18075
- Jefferson 18077
- Jennings 18079
- Johnson 18081
- Knox 18083
- Kosciusko 18085
- Lagrange 18087
- Lake 18089
- LaPorte 18091
- Lawrence 18093
- Madison 18095
- Marion 18097
- Marshall 18099
- Martin 18101
- Miami 18103
- Monroe 18105
- Montgomery 18107
- Morgan 18109
- Newton 18111
- Noble 18113
- Ohio 18115
- Orange 18117
- Owen 18119
- Parke 18121
- Perry 18123
- Posey 18129
- Putnam 18133
- Randolph 18135
- Ripley 18137
- Rush 18139
- Shelby 18145
- Spencer 18147
- St. Joseph 18141
- Steuben 18151
- Sullivan 18153
- Switzerland 18155
- Tippecanoe 18157
- Union 18161
- Vanderburgh 18163
- Vermillion 18165
- Vigo 18167
- Wabash 18169
- Warren 18171
- Warrick 18173
- Washington 18175
- Wayne 18177
- Wells 18179
- White 18181
- Whitley 18183
Iowa view state ↗ 26 N ▾
- Adair 19001
- Carroll 19027
- Cass 19029
- Cherokee 19035
- Clayton 19043
- Crawford 19047
- Dickinson 19059
- Fremont 19071
- Guthrie 19077
- Hancock 19081
- Harrison 19085
- Lyon 19119
- Madison 19121
- Mahaska 19123
- Mitchell 19131
- Monona 19133
- Polk 19153
- Pottawattamie 19155
- Shelby 19165
- Sioux 19167
- Story 19169
- Taylor 19173
- Union 19175
- Washington 19183
- Webster 19187
- Woodbury 19193
Kansas view state ↗ 43 N ▾
- Allen 20001
- Anderson 20003
- Atchison 20005
- Barton 20009
- Bourbon 20011
- Brown 20013
- Butler 20015
- Chase 20017
- Chautauqua 20019
- Cherokee 20021
- Clay 20027
- Coffey 20031
- Cowley 20035
- Crawford 20037
- Doniphan 20043
- Douglas 20045
- Elk 20049
- Ellsworth 20053
- Franklin 20059
- Geary 20061
- Greenwood 20073
- Jackson 20085
- Jefferson 20087
- Johnson 20091
- Labette 20099
- Leavenworth 20103
- Linn 20107
- Lyon 20111
- Marshall 20117
- Miami 20121
- Montgomery 20125
- Morris 20127
- Nemaha 20131
- Neosho 20133
- Osage 20139
- Pottawatomie 20149
- Riley 20161
- Shawnee 20177
- Sheridan 20179
- Wabaunsee 20197
- Wilson 20205
- Woodson 20207
- Wyandotte 20209
Kentucky view state ↗ 75 N ▾
- Adair 21001
- Allen 21003
- Anderson 21005
- Ballard 21007
- Bath 21011
- Bell 21013
- Bourbon 21017
- Bracken 21023
- Breathitt 21025
- Breckinridge 21027
- Bullitt 21029
- Butler 21031
- Caldwell 21033
- Calloway 21035
- Campbell 21037
- Carroll 21041
- Carter 21043
- Casey 21045
- Christian 21047
- Clark 21049
- Clay 21051
- Crittenden 21055
- Edmonson 21061
- Estill 21065
- Fayette 21067
- Floyd 21071
- Franklin 21073
- Gallatin 21077
- Garrard 21079
- Grant 21081
- Hancock 21091
- Hardin 21093
- Harlan 21095
- Harrison 21097
- Henry 21103
- Hopkins 21107
- Jackson 21109
- Jefferson 21111
- Jessamine 21113
- Johnson 21115
- Kenton 21117
- Lawrence 21127
- Lee 21129
- Letcher 21133
- Lewis 21135
- Lincoln 21137
- Livingston 21139
- Madison 21151
- Mason 21161
- McCracken 21145
- McCreary 21147
- McLean 21149
- Meade 21163
- Menifee 21165
- Mercer 21167
- Montgomery 21173
- Morgan 21175
- Muhlenberg 21177
- Nelson 21179
- Ohio 21183
- Oldham 21185
- Owen 21187
- Pendleton 21191
- Perry 21193
- Powell 21197
- Rockcastle 21203
- Rowan 21205
- Scott 21209
- Spencer 21215
- Union 21225
- Warren 21227
- Washington 21229
- Wayne 21231
- Wolfe 21237
- Woodford 21239
Louisiana view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Michigan view state ↗ 26 N ▾
- Allegan 26005
- Berrien 26021
- Branch 26023
- Calhoun 26025
- Cass 26027
- Clinton 26037
- Genesee 26049
- Gratiot 26057
- Hillsdale 26059
- Ingham 26065
- Jackson 26075
- Kalamazoo 26077
- Kent 26081
- Lenawee 26091
- Macomb 26099
- Midland 26111
- Monroe 26115
- Oakland 26125
- Ottawa 26139
- Saginaw 26145
- Shiawassee 26155
- St. Clair 26147
- St. Joseph 26149
- Van Buren 26159
- Washtenaw 26161
- Wayne 26163
Minnesota view state ↗ 18 N ▾
Mississippi view state ↗ 10 N ▾
Missouri view state ↗ 111 N ▾
- Adair 29001
- Andrew 29003
- Atchison 29005
- Audrain 29007
- Barry 29009
- Barton 29011
- Bates 29013
- Benton 29015
- Bollinger 29017
- Boone 29019
- Buchanan 29021
- Butler 29023
- Caldwell 29025
- Callaway 29027
- Camden 29029
- Cape Girardeau 29031
- Carroll 29033
- Carter 29035
- Cass 29037
- Cedar 29039
- Chariton 29041
- Christian 29043
- Clark 29045
- Clay 29047
- Clinton 29049
- Cole 29051
- Cooper 29053
- Crawford 29055
- Dade 29057
- Dallas 29059
- Daviess 29061
- DeKalb 29063
- Dent 29065
- Douglas 29067
- Dunklin 29069
- Franklin 29071
- Gasconade 29073
- Gentry 29075
- Greene 29077
- Grundy 29079
- Harrison 29081
- Henry 29083
- Hickory 29085
- Holt 29087
- Howard 29089
- Howell 29091
- Iron 29093
- Jackson 29095
- Jasper 29097
- Jefferson 29099
- Johnson 29101
- Knox 29103
- Laclede 29105
- Lafayette 29107
- Lawrence 29109
- Lewis 29111
- Lincoln 29113
- Linn 29115
- Livingston 29117
- Macon 29121
- Madison 29123
- Maries 29125
- Marion 29127
- McDonald 29119
- Mercer 29129
- Miller 29131
- Moniteau 29135
- Monroe 29137
- Montgomery 29139
- Morgan 29141
- Newton 29145
- Nodaway 29147
- Oregon 29149
- Osage 29151
- Ozark 29153
- Pemiscot 29155
- Pettis 29159
- Phelps 29161
- Pike 29163
- Platte 29165
- Polk 29167
- Pulaski 29169
- Putnam 29171
- Ralls 29173
- Randolph 29175
- Ray 29177
- Reynolds 29179
- Ripley 29181
- Saline 29195
- Schuyler 29197
- Scotland 29199
- Scott 29201
- Shannon 29203
- Shelby 29205
- St. Charles 29183
- St. Clair 29185
- St. Francois 29187
- St. Louis 29189
- Ste. Genevieve 29186
- Stoddard 29207
- Stone 29209
- Sullivan 29211
- Taney 29213
- Texas 29215
- Vernon 29217
- Warren 29219
- Washington 29221
- Wayne 29223
- Webster 29225
- Worth 29227
- Wright 29229
Nebraska view state ↗ 20 N ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 2 N ▾
New York view state ↗ 10 N ▾
North Carolina view state ↗ 28 N ▾
- Alexander 37003
- Alleghany 37005
- Ashe 37009
- Avery 37011
- Buncombe 37021
- Burke 37023
- Caldwell 37027
- Cherokee 37039
- Clay 37043
- Davidson 37057
- Graham 37075
- Haywood 37087
- Henderson 37089
- Jackson 37099
- Lee 37105
- Macon 37113
- Madison 37115
- McDowell 37111
- Mitchell 37121
- Orange 37135
- Polk 37149
- Rutherford 37161
- Swain 37173
- Transylvania 37175
- Warren 37185
- Watauga 37189
- Wilkes 37193
- Yancey 37199
Ohio view state ↗ 82 N ▾
- Adams 39001
- Allen 39003
- Ashland 39005
- Ashtabula 39007
- Athens 39009
- Auglaize 39011
- Belmont 39013
- Brown 39015
- Butler 39017
- Carroll 39019
- Champaign 39021
- Clark 39023
- Clermont 39025
- Clinton 39027
- Columbiana 39029
- Coshocton 39031
- Crawford 39033
- Cuyahoga 39035
- Darke 39037
- Defiance 39039
- Delaware 39041
- Erie 39043
- Fairfield 39045
- Fayette 39047
- Franklin 39049
- Fulton 39051
- Gallia 39053
- Geauga 39055
- Greene 39057
- Guernsey 39059
- Hamilton 39061
- Hancock 39063
- Harrison 39067
- Henry 39069
- Highland 39071
- Hocking 39073
- Holmes 39075
- Huron 39077
- Jackson 39079
- Jefferson 39081
- Knox 39083
- Lake 39085
- Lawrence 39087
- Licking 39089
- Logan 39091
- Lorain 39093
- Lucas 39095
- Mahoning 39099
- Marion 39101
- Medina 39103
- Meigs 39105
- Mercer 39107
- Miami 39109
- Monroe 39111
- Montgomery 39113
- Morgan 39115
- Muskingum 39119
- Ottawa 39123
- Paulding 39125
- Perry 39127
- Pike 39131
- Portage 39133
- Preble 39135
- Putnam 39137
- Richland 39139
- Ross 39141
- Sandusky 39143
- Scioto 39145
- Seneca 39147
- Shelby 39149
- Stark 39151
- Summit 39153
- Trumbull 39155
- Tuscarawas 39157
- Union 39159
- Van Wert 39161
- Vinton 39163
- Warren 39165
- Washington 39167
- Wayne 39169
- Wood 39173
- Wyandot 39175
Oklahoma view state ↗ 13 N ▾
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 47 N ▾
- Allegheny 42003
- Armstrong 42005
- Beaver 42007
- Bedford 42009
- Berks 42011
- Blair 42013
- Bucks 42017
- Butler 42019
- Cambria 42021
- Centre 42027
- Chester 42029
- Clarion 42031
- Clearfield 42033
- Clinton 42035
- Columbia 42037
- Crawford 42039
- Cumberland 42041
- Dauphin 42043
- Erie 42049
- Fayette 42051
- Franklin 42055
- Fulton 42057
- Greene 42059
- Huntingdon 42061
- Indiana 42063
- Jefferson 42065
- Juniata 42067
- Lackawanna 42069
- Lancaster 42071
- Lawrence 42073
- Lebanon 42075
- Lehigh 42077
- Luzerne 42079
- Mercer 42085
- Monroe 42089
- Montgomery 42091
- Northampton 42095
- Northumberland 42097
- Perry 42099
- Philadelphia 42101
- Pike 42103
- Somerset 42111
- Venango 42121
- Warren 42123
- Washington 42125
- Westmoreland 42129
- York 42133
South Carolina view state ↗ 1 N ▾
South Dakota view state ↗ 4 N ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 58 N ▾
- Anderson 47001
- Blount 47009
- Campbell 47013
- Carter 47019
- Cheatham 47021
- Clay 47027
- Cocke 47029
- Cumberland 47035
- Davidson 47037
- Dyer 47045
- Fentress 47049
- Franklin 47051
- Giles 47055
- Grainger 47057
- Grundy 47061
- Hancock 47067
- Hardin 47071
- Hawkins 47073
- Haywood 47075
- Hickman 47081
- Houston 47083
- Jackson 47087
- Jefferson 47089
- Johnson 47091
- Knox 47093
- Lake 47095
- Lewis 47101
- Madison 47113
- Marion 47115
- Marshall 47117
- McMinn 47107
- McNairy 47109
- Monroe 47123
- Montgomery 47125
- Obion 47131
- Overton 47133
- Perry 47135
- Pickett 47137
- Polk 47139
- Roane 47145
- Rutherford 47149
- Scott 47151
- Sevier 47155
- Shelby 47157
- Smith 47159
- Stewart 47161
- Sumner 47165
- Tipton 47167
- Trousdale 47169
- Unicoi 47171
- Union 47173
- Van Buren 47175
- Warren 47177
- Washington 47179
- Wayne 47181
- White 47185
- Williamson 47187
- Wilson 47189
Virginia view state ↗ 51 N ▾
- Albemarle 51003
- Alleghany 51005
- Amherst 51009
- Appomattox 51011
- Augusta 51015
- Bath 51017
- Bedford 51019
- Botetourt 51023
- Buckingham 51029
- Campbell 51031
- Clarke 51043
- Craig 51045
- Dickenson 51051
- Fairfax 51059
- Fauquier 51061
- Floyd 51063
- Franklin 51067
- Frederick 51069
- Giles 51071
- Grayson 51077
- Greene 51079
- Hanover 51085
- Henry 51089
- Highland 51091
- Isle of Wight 51093
- James City 51095
- Lee 51105
- Loudoun 51107
- Lunenburg 51111
- Madison 51113
- Montgomery 51121
- Nelson 51125
- Page 51139
- Patrick 51141
- Pittsylvania 51143
- Pulaski 51155
- Rappahannock 51157
- Roanoke 51161
- Rockbridge 51163
- Rockingham 51165
- Russell 51167
- Scott 51169
- Shenandoah 51171
- Smyth 51173
- Surry 51181
- Tazewell 51185
- Warren 51187
- Washington 51191
- Wise 51195
- Wythe 51197
- York 51199
West Virginia view state ↗ 46 N ▾
- Barbour 54001
- Boone 54005
- Braxton 54007
- Brooke 54009
- Cabell 54011
- Calhoun 54013
- Fayette 54019
- Gilmer 54021
- Grant 54023
- Greenbrier 54025
- Hampshire 54027
- Hancock 54029
- Hardy 54031
- Harrison 54033
- Jackson 54035
- Jefferson 54037
- Kanawha 54039
- Lewis 54041
- Marion 54049
- Marshall 54051
- McDowell 54047
- Mercer 54055
- Mineral 54057
- Mingo 54059
- Monongalia 54061
- Monroe 54063
- Nicholas 54067
- Ohio 54069
- Pendleton 54071
- Pleasants 54073
- Pocahontas 54075
- Preston 54077
- Putnam 54079
- Raleigh 54081
- Randolph 54083
- Ritchie 54085
- Roane 54087
- Summers 54089
- Taylor 54091
- Tucker 54093
- Tyler 54095
- Upshur 54097
- Wayne 54099
- Wetzel 54103
- Wirt 54105
- Wyoming 54109
Wisconsin view state ↗ 37 N ▾
- Buffalo 55011
- Calumet 55015
- Columbia 55021
- Crawford 55023
- Dane 55025
- Dodge 55027
- Dunn 55033
- Eau Claire 55035
- Fond du Lac 55039
- Grant 55043
- Green 55045
- Iowa 55049
- Jackson 55053
- Jefferson 55055
- Kenosha 55059
- Kewaunee 55061
- La Crosse 55063
- Lafayette 55065
- Milwaukee 55079
- Monroe 55081
- Oconto 55083
- Outagamie 55087
- Pepin 55091
- Pierce 55093
- Polk 55095
- Racine 55101
- Richland 55103
- Rock 55105
- Sauk 55111
- Sheboygan 55117
- St. Croix 55109
- Trempealeau 55121
- Vernon 55123
- Walworth 55127
- Washington 55131
- Waukesha 55133
- Winnebago 55139
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/CAAM18 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/3163304 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z