Index / Search / Carya illinoinensis
§1 Plant
Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch
vernacular pecan — species · Juglandaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Juglandaceae DC. ex Perleb
- Genus
- Carya
§2a
Native status, by region
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 501 counties across 19 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- High
- Moisture use
- High
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- None
- CaCO₃
- Low
- Hedging
- Low
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -21 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 180 min.
- Precipitation
- 28–79 in/yr
- pH range
- 4.5–7.5
- Root depth
- 32 in min.
- Fertility need
- High
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Stem
- Growth rate
- Slow
- Lifespan
- Long
- Mature height
- 120 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 35 ft
- Foliage texture
- Fine
- Foliage colour
- Yellow-Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Dense
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Brown
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
- Toxicity
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Early Spring
- Seed abundance
- High
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Slow
- Stratify
- Yes
- Seeds / lb
- 130
- Propagation
- seed, cuttings, bare root, container
§3e
Use & availability
- Commercial availability
- Routinely Available
- Nursery stock
- Yes
- Browse palatability
- Low
- Graze palatability
- Low
- Palatable, human
- Yes
- Protein potential
- Low
- Lumber
- Yes
- Fuelwood
- High
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 501 counties across 19 states/territories.
Alabama view state ↗ 20 N ▾
Arkansas view state ↗ 63 N ▾
- Arkansas 05001
- Ashley 05003
- Benton 05007
- Boone 05009
- Bradley 05011
- Calhoun 05013
- Chicot 05017
- Clark 05019
- Clay 05021
- Cleburne 05023
- Cleveland 05025
- Columbia 05027
- Conway 05029
- Craighead 05031
- Crawford 05033
- Crittenden 05035
- Cross 05037
- Dallas 05039
- Drew 05043
- Faulkner 05045
- Franklin 05047
- Fulton 05049
- Greene 05055
- Hempstead 05057
- Hot Spring 05059
- Independence 05063
- Izard 05065
- Jackson 05067
- Jefferson 05069
- Johnson 05071
- Lafayette 05073
- Lawrence 05075
- Lee 05077
- Lincoln 05079
- Little River 05081
- Logan 05083
- Lonoke 05085
- Marion 05089
- Miller 05091
- Mississippi 05093
- Monroe 05095
- Nevada 05099
- Newton 05101
- Perry 05105
- Phillips 05107
- Pike 05109
- Poinsett 05111
- Pope 05115
- Prairie 05117
- Pulaski 05119
- Randolph 05121
- Saline 05125
- Scott 05127
- Sebastian 05131
- Sevier 05133
- Sharp 05135
- St. Francis 05123
- Stone 05137
- Union 05139
- Washington 05143
- White 05145
- Woodruff 05147
- Yell 05149
Florida view state ↗ 7 N ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 9 N ▾
Illinois view state ↗ 54 N ▾
- Adams 17001
- Alexander 17003
- Brown 17009
- Calhoun 17013
- Cass 17017
- Clark 17023
- Clay 17025
- Clinton 17027
- Coles 17029
- Crawford 17033
- Edwards 17047
- Fayette 17051
- Ford 17053
- Franklin 17055
- Fulton 17057
- Gallatin 17059
- Greene 17061
- Hancock 17067
- Hardin 17069
- Henderson 17071
- Jackson 17077
- Jersey 17083
- Jo Daviess 17085
- Johnson 17087
- Knox 17095
- Lawrence 17101
- Livingston 17105
- Logan 17107
- Macon 17115
- Macoupin 17117
- Mason 17125
- Massac 17127
- Menard 17129
- Mercer 17131
- Monroe 17133
- Morgan 17137
- Peoria 17143
- Perry 17145
- Pike 17149
- Pope 17151
- Pulaski 17153
- Randolph 17157
- Richland 17159
- Rock Island 17161
- Schuyler 17169
- Scott 17171
- St. Clair 17163
- Union 17181
- Wabash 17185
- Washington 17189
- Wayne 17191
- White 17193
- Whiteside 17195
- Woodford 17203
Indiana view state ↗ 21 N ▾
Iowa view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Kansas view state ↗ 21 N ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 36 N ▾
- Anderson 21005
- Ballard 21007
- Breckinridge 21027
- Calloway 21035
- Carlisle 21039
- Carroll 21041
- Clinton 21053
- Crittenden 21055
- Daviess 21059
- Edmonson 21061
- Fulton 21075
- Gallatin 21077
- Hancock 21091
- Hardin 21093
- Henderson 21101
- Hickman 21105
- Jefferson 21111
- Kenton 21117
- Livingston 21139
- Lyon 21143
- Marshall 21157
- McCracken 21145
- McLean 21149
- Meade 21163
- Monroe 21171
- Montgomery 21173
- Ohio 21183
- Perry 21193
- Pulaski 21199
- Russell 21207
- Todd 21219
- Trigg 21221
- Trimble 21223
- Union 21225
- Warren 21227
- Webster 21233
Louisiana view state ↗ 55 N ▾
- Allen 22003
- Ascension 22005
- Assumption 22007
- Avoyelles 22009
- Beauregard 22011
- Bienville 22013
- Bossier 22015
- Caddo 22017
- Calcasieu 22019
- Caldwell 22021
- Cameron 22023
- Catahoula 22025
- Claiborne 22027
- Concordia 22029
- De Soto 22031
- East Baton Rouge 22033
- East Carroll 22035
- East Feliciana 22037
- Evangeline 22039
- Franklin 22041
- Grant 22043
- Iberia 22045
- Iberville 22047
- Jackson 22049
- Jefferson 22051
- Jefferson Davis 22053
- Lafayette 22055
- LaSalle 22059
- Lincoln 22061
- Madison 22065
- Morehouse 22067
- Natchitoches 22069
- Orleans 22071
- Ouachita 22073
- Pointe Coupee 22077
- Rapides 22079
- Red River 22081
- Richland 22083
- Sabine 22085
- St. Bernard 22087
- St. Charles 22089
- St. Helena 22091
- St. James 22093
- St. Martin 22099
- St. Mary 22101
- St. Tammany 22103
- Tensas 22107
- Terrebonne 22109
- Union 22111
- Vermilion 22113
- Washington 22117
- Webster 22119
- West Carroll 22123
- West Feliciana 22125
- Winn 22127
Mississippi view state ↗ 21 N ▾
Missouri view state ↗ 53 N ▾
- Adair 29001
- Bates 29013
- Benton 29015
- Bollinger 29017
- Boone 29019
- Callaway 29027
- Camden 29029
- Cape Girardeau 29031
- Carroll 29033
- Chariton 29041
- Clark 29045
- Clay 29047
- Cole 29051
- Cooper 29053
- Dunklin 29069
- Gasconade 29073
- Henry 29083
- Howard 29089
- Jackson 29095
- Jasper 29097
- Jefferson 29099
- Lewis 29111
- Lincoln 29113
- Linn 29115
- Livingston 29117
- Maries 29125
- Marion 29127
- McDonald 29119
- Mississippi 29133
- Moniteau 29135
- Monroe 29137
- Montgomery 29139
- Morgan 29141
- New Madrid 29143
- Osage 29151
- Ozark 29153
- Pemiscot 29155
- Perry 29157
- Pettis 29159
- Pike 29163
- Platte 29165
- Ralls 29173
- Randolph 29175
- Ripley 29181
- Saline 29195
- Schuyler 29197
- Scott 29201
- Shannon 29203
- St. Charles 29183
- St. Clair 29185
- St. Louis 29189
- Ste. Genevieve 29186
- Vernon 29217
North Carolina view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Ohio view state ↗ 2 N ▾
Oklahoma view state ↗ 60 N ▾
- Adair 40001
- Alfalfa 40003
- Atoka 40005
- Bryan 40013
- Caddo 40015
- Carter 40019
- Cherokee 40021
- Choctaw 40023
- Cleveland 40027
- Coal 40029
- Comanche 40031
- Cotton 40033
- Creek 40037
- Custer 40039
- Delaware 40041
- Garfield 40047
- Garvin 40049
- Grady 40051
- Grant 40053
- Greer 40055
- Haskell 40061
- Hughes 40063
- Jackson 40065
- Jefferson 40067
- Johnston 40069
- Kay 40071
- Kiowa 40075
- Latimer 40077
- Le Flore 40079
- Logan 40083
- Love 40085
- Marshall 40095
- Mayes 40097
- McClain 40087
- McCurtain 40089
- McIntosh 40091
- Murray 40099
- Muskogee 40101
- Nowata 40105
- Okfuskee 40107
- Oklahoma 40109
- Okmulgee 40111
- Osage 40113
- Ottawa 40115
- Pawnee 40117
- Payne 40119
- Pittsburg 40121
- Pontotoc 40123
- Pottawatomie 40125
- Pushmataha 40127
- Roger Mills 40129
- Rogers 40131
- Seminole 40133
- Sequoyah 40135
- Stephens 40137
- Tulsa 40143
- Wagoner 40145
- Washington 40147
- Washita 40149
- Woods 40151
South Carolina view state ↗ 4 N ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 19 N ▾
Texas view state ↗ 45 N ▾
- Bastrop 48021
- Bell 48027
- Bexar 48029
- Blanco 48031
- Brazoria 48039
- Brazos 48041
- Burleson 48051
- Cameron 48061
- Clay 48077
- Colorado 48089
- Comal 48091
- Dallas 48113
- Edwards 48137
- Fayette 48149
- Fort Bend 48157
- Freestone 48161
- Galveston 48167
- Gillespie 48171
- Goliad 48175
- Gonzales 48177
- Grayson 48181
- Gregg 48183
- Hays 48209
- Jackson 48239
- Jeff Davis 48243
- Jefferson 48245
- Karnes 48255
- Kimble 48267
- Lampasas 48281
- Lavaca 48285
- Llano 48299
- Madison 48313
- Marion 48315
- Mason 48319
- McLennan 48309
- Mills 48333
- Motley 48345
- Robertson 48395
- Sabine 48403
- Tarrant 48439
- Travis 48453
- Val Verde 48465
- Washington 48477
- Webb 48479
- Williamson 48491
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/CAIL2 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/3054289 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z