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Index / Search / Fraxinus americana

§1 Plant

Fraxinus americana L.

vernacular white ash — species · Oleaceae

USDA
FRAM2
GBIF
3172327
Rank
species
white ash (Fraxinus americana)
Platephotograph · Keith KanotiCC BY source · iNaturalist ↗

§2Habit & range

Habit and range

Growth habit
Tree
Duration
Perennial
Group
Dicot
Family
Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link
Genus
Fraxinus
§2a

Native status, by region

  • CAN Canada Native
  • HI Hawaii Introduced
  • L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b

County-level range

· 1,324 counties across 34 states/territories
Legend Native · 1324 Introduced · 0 Both · 0 Hover a county for detail.

§3Cultivation specs · USDA

Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.

§3a

Tolerances

Drought
Low
Shade
High
Moisture use
High
Fire
Medium
Salinity
Medium
Anaerobic
Low
CaCO₃
Medium
Hedging
None
§3b

Climate & soil

Cold tolerance
-34 °F minimum
Frost-free days
90 min.
Precipitation
28–80 in/yr
pH range
4.7–7.5
Root depth
40 in min.
Fertility need
High
Soil texture
coarse, medium
§3c

Form & growth

Growth form
Single Stem
Growth rate
Moderate
Lifespan
Moderate
Mature height
90 ft
Height @ 20 y
40 ft
Foliage texture
Fine
Foliage colour
Green
Porosity (summer)
Dense
Porosity (winter)
Porous
Flower colour
Yellow
Fruit colour
Brown
Fire resistant
No
N fixation
None
Toxicity
None
§3d

Reproduction

Bloom period
Mid Spring
Seed abundance
High
Seed begins
Summer
Seed ends
Fall
Spread rate
Moderate
Stratify
Yes
Seeds / lb
10,000
Propagation
seed, bare root, container
§3e

Use & availability

Commercial availability
Routinely Available
Nursery stock
Yes
Browse palatability
Medium
Palatable, human
No
Lumber
Yes
Fuelwood
High
Christmas tree
No

§4Counties, by state

Recorded in 1,324 counties across 34 states/territories.

Alabama view state ↗ 12 N ▾
Arkansas view state ↗ 74 N ▾
Delaware view state ↗ 1 N ▾
District of Columbia view state ↗ 1 N ▾
Florida view state ↗ 13 N ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 28 N ▾
Illinois view state ↗ 95 N ▾
Indiana view state ↗ 70 N ▾
Iowa view state ↗ 7 N ▾
Kansas view state ↗ 36 N ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 97 N ▾
Louisiana view state ↗ 46 N ▾
Maine view state ↗ 15 N ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 14 N ▾
Michigan view state ↗ 54 N ▾
Minnesota view state ↗ 14 N ▾
Mississippi view state ↗ 35 N ▾
Missouri view state ↗ 107 N ▾
Nebraska view state ↗ 10 N ▾
New Hampshire view state ↗ 10 N ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 19 N ▾
New York view state ↗ 43 N ▾
North Carolina view state ↗ 42 N ▾
Ohio view state ↗ 88 N ▾
Oklahoma view state ↗ 20 N ▾
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 66 N ▾
Rhode Island view state ↗ 5 N ▾
South Carolina view state ↗ 17 N ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 66 N ▾
Texas view state ↗ 21 N ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 13 N ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 92 N ▾
West Virginia view state ↗ 51 N ▾
Wisconsin view state ↗ 42 N ▾

§5Sources & provenance

USDA PLANTS

Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.

plants.usda.gov/FRAM2 ↗

GBIF Backbone

Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.

gbif.org/species/3172327 ↗

Record version

Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:

usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26

fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z