Index / Search / Frangula caroliniana
§1 Plant
Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray
vernacular Carolina buckthorn — species · Rhamnaceae
§2Habit & range
Habit and range
- Growth habit
- Shrub, Tree
- Duration
- Perennial
- Group
- Dicot
- Family
- Rhamnaceae Juss.
- Genus
- Frangula
§2a
Native status, by region
- L48 Lower 48 States Native
§2b
County-level range
· 501 counties across 17 states/territories§3Cultivation specs · USDA
Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.
§3a
Tolerances
- Drought
- Low
- Shade
- Low
- Fire
- Low
- Salinity
- None
- Anaerobic
- Low
- CaCO₃
- Medium
§3b
Climate & soil
- Cold tolerance
- -27 °F minimum
- Frost-free days
- 168 min.
- Precipitation
- 16–51 in/yr
- pH range
- 6–7.5
- Soil texture
- coarse, medium, fine
§3c
Form & growth
- Growth form
- Single Crown
- Growth rate
- Moderate
- Lifespan
- Short
- Mature height
- 20 ft
- Height @ 20 y
- 35 ft
- Foliage texture
- Coarse
- Foliage colour
- Green
- Porosity (summer)
- Moderate
- Porosity (winter)
- Porous
- Flower colour
- Yellow
- Fruit colour
- Black
- Fire resistant
- No
- N fixation
- None
§3d
Reproduction
- Bloom period
- Late Spring
- Seed begins
- Summer
- Seed ends
- Fall
- Spread rate
- Rapid
- Stratify
- No
- Propagation
- cuttings
§3e
Use & availability
- Nursery stock
- No
- Palatable, human
- No
- Lumber
- No
- Christmas tree
- No
§4Counties, by state
Recorded in 501 counties across 17 states/territories.
Alabama view state ↗ 35 N ▾
- Autauga 01001
- Bibb 01007
- Blount 01009
- Bullock 01011
- Butler 01013
- Calhoun 01015
- Cherokee 01019
- Clay 01027
- Colbert 01033
- Coosa 01037
- Cullman 01043
- Dallas 01047
- DeKalb 01049
- Escambia 01053
- Etowah 01055
- Fayette 01057
- Franklin 01059
- Greene 01063
- Hale 01065
- Jackson 01071
- Jefferson 01073
- Lauderdale 01077
- Lawrence 01079
- Limestone 01083
- Lowndes 01085
- Madison 01089
- Marengo 01091
- Mobile 01097
- Monroe 01099
- Montgomery 01101
- Morgan 01103
- Sumter 01119
- Tuscaloosa 01125
- Wilcox 01131
- Winston 01133
Arkansas view state ↗ 62 N ▾
- Ashley 05003
- Baxter 05005
- Benton 05007
- Boone 05009
- Bradley 05011
- Carroll 05015
- Chicot 05017
- Clark 05019
- Clay 05021
- Cleburne 05023
- Columbia 05027
- Conway 05029
- Craighead 05031
- Crawford 05033
- Cross 05037
- Dallas 05039
- Drew 05043
- Faulkner 05045
- Franklin 05047
- Fulton 05049
- Garland 05051
- Grant 05053
- Greene 05055
- Hempstead 05057
- Hot Spring 05059
- Howard 05061
- Independence 05063
- Izard 05065
- Jackson 05067
- Johnson 05071
- Lafayette 05073
- Lawrence 05075
- Lee 05077
- Lincoln 05079
- Little River 05081
- Logan 05083
- Madison 05087
- Marion 05089
- Miller 05091
- Montgomery 05097
- Nevada 05099
- Newton 05101
- Ouachita 05103
- Perry 05105
- Pike 05109
- Poinsett 05111
- Polk 05113
- Pope 05115
- Pulaski 05119
- Randolph 05121
- Saline 05125
- Scott 05127
- Searcy 05129
- Sevier 05133
- Sharp 05135
- Stone 05137
- Union 05139
- Van Buren 05141
- Washington 05143
- White 05145
- Woodruff 05147
- Yell 05149
Florida view state ↗ 16 N ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 28 N ▾
- Bartow 13015
- Catoosa 13047
- Cherokee 13057
- Clarke 13059
- Clay 13061
- Columbia 13073
- Dade 13083
- DeKalb 13089
- Elbert 13105
- Gwinnett 13135
- Hancock 13141
- Harris 13145
- Houston 13153
- Jackson 13157
- Jasper 13159
- Lincoln 13181
- Madison 13195
- McDuffie 13189
- McIntosh 13191
- Morgan 13211
- Murray 13213
- Oglethorpe 13221
- Stephens 13257
- Taliaferro 13265
- Walker 13295
- Walton 13297
- Wilkes 13317
- Wilkinson 13319
Illinois view state ↗ 11 N ▾
Indiana view state ↗ 9 N ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 71 N ▾
- Adair 21001
- Allen 21003
- Anderson 21005
- Barren 21009
- Bell 21013
- Boyle 21021
- Breckinridge 21027
- Bullitt 21029
- Butler 21031
- Caldwell 21033
- Campbell 21037
- Carter 21043
- Casey 21045
- Clark 21049
- Clay 21051
- Clinton 21053
- Crittenden 21055
- Edmonson 21061
- Estill 21065
- Fayette 21067
- Fleming 21069
- Floyd 21071
- Franklin 21073
- Garrard 21079
- Green 21087
- Hancock 21091
- Hardin 21093
- Harrison 21097
- Hart 21099
- Henry 21103
- Hickman 21105
- Hopkins 21107
- Jackson 21109
- Jefferson 21111
- Jessamine 21113
- Larue 21123
- Laurel 21125
- Lee 21129
- Lewis 21135
- Logan 21141
- Madison 21151
- Marion 21155
- Mason 21161
- McCreary 21147
- Meade 21163
- Mercer 21167
- Metcalfe 21169
- Monroe 21171
- Montgomery 21173
- Muhlenberg 21177
- Nelson 21179
- Ohio 21183
- Oldham 21185
- Pendleton 21191
- Perry 21193
- Pike 21195
- Powell 21197
- Pulaski 21199
- Robertson 21201
- Rockcastle 21203
- Rowan 21205
- Russell 21207
- Spencer 21215
- Taylor 21217
- Todd 21219
- Trigg 21221
- Trimble 21223
- Warren 21227
- Wayne 21231
- Whitley 21235
- Woodford 21239
Louisiana view state ↗ 42 N ▾
- Avoyelles 22009
- Bienville 22013
- Bossier 22015
- Caddo 22017
- Calcasieu 22019
- Caldwell 22021
- Cameron 22023
- Catahoula 22025
- Claiborne 22027
- De Soto 22031
- East Baton Rouge 22033
- East Feliciana 22037
- Evangeline 22039
- Franklin 22041
- Grant 22043
- Iberia 22045
- Jackson 22049
- Jefferson 22051
- Lafayette 22055
- LaSalle 22059
- Lincoln 22061
- Livingston 22063
- Morehouse 22067
- Natchitoches 22069
- Orleans 22071
- Ouachita 22073
- Rapides 22079
- Red River 22081
- Richland 22083
- Sabine 22085
- St. Helena 22091
- St. Landry 22097
- St. Mary 22101
- St. Tammany 22103
- Tensas 22107
- Union 22111
- Vernon 22115
- Washington 22117
- Webster 22119
- West Carroll 22123
- West Feliciana 22125
- Winn 22127
Mississippi view state ↗ 27 N ▾
- Adams 28001
- Amite 28005
- Chickasaw 28017
- Claiborne 28021
- Clarke 28023
- Clay 28025
- Forrest 28035
- Franklin 28037
- Hinds 28049
- Jasper 28061
- Jefferson 28063
- Jones 28067
- Kemper 28069
- Lee 28081
- Marion 28091
- Newton 28101
- Noxubee 28103
- Pontotoc 28115
- Rankin 28121
- Scott 28123
- Smith 28129
- Tishomingo 28141
- Union 28145
- Warren 28149
- Washington 28151
- Wayne 28153
- Wilkinson 28157
Missouri view state ↗ 56 N ▾
- Barry 29009
- Benton 29015
- Bollinger 29017
- Boone 29019
- Camden 29029
- Cape Girardeau 29031
- Carroll 29033
- Carter 29035
- Christian 29043
- Clay 29047
- Crawford 29055
- Dallas 29059
- Dent 29065
- Douglas 29067
- Dunklin 29069
- Franklin 29071
- Gasconade 29073
- Greene 29077
- Hickory 29085
- Howell 29091
- Iron 29093
- Jackson 29095
- Jasper 29097
- Jefferson 29099
- Laclede 29105
- Madison 29123
- Maries 29125
- Marion 29127
- McDonald 29119
- Miller 29131
- Moniteau 29135
- Monroe 29137
- Morgan 29141
- Oregon 29149
- Osage 29151
- Ozark 29153
- Perry 29157
- Phelps 29161
- Polk 29167
- Pulaski 29169
- Randolph 29175
- Reynolds 29179
- Ripley 29181
- Shannon 29203
- St. Charles 29183
- St. Clair 29185
- St. Francois 29187
- St. Louis 29189
- Ste. Genevieve 29186
- Stoddard 29207
- Stone 29209
- Taney 29213
- Texas 29215
- Washington 29221
- Wayne 29223
- Wright 29229
North Carolina view state ↗ 6 N ▾
Ohio view state ↗ 4 N ▾
Oklahoma view state ↗ 1 N ▾
South Carolina view state ↗ 15 N ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 64 N ▾
- Anderson 47001
- Bedford 47003
- Bledsoe 47007
- Blount 47009
- Campbell 47013
- Carter 47019
- Cheatham 47021
- Claiborne 47025
- Clay 47027
- Cocke 47029
- Coffee 47031
- Cumberland 47035
- Davidson 47037
- Decatur 47039
- Dickson 47043
- Fentress 47049
- Franklin 47051
- Grainger 47057
- Grundy 47061
- Hamblen 47063
- Hamilton 47065
- Hardin 47071
- Hawkins 47073
- Henry 47079
- Hickman 47081
- Houston 47083
- Humphreys 47085
- Jackson 47087
- Jefferson 47089
- Johnson 47091
- Knox 47093
- Lauderdale 47097
- Lawrence 47099
- Lewis 47101
- Lincoln 47103
- Loudon 47105
- Macon 47111
- Madison 47113
- Marion 47115
- Marshall 47117
- Maury 47119
- McMinn 47107
- Montgomery 47125
- Morgan 47129
- Overton 47133
- Perry 47135
- Putnam 47141
- Rhea 47143
- Roane 47145
- Robertson 47147
- Rutherford 47149
- Sequatchie 47153
- Sevier 47155
- Smith 47159
- Stewart 47161
- Sullivan 47163
- Sumner 47165
- Union 47173
- Warren 47177
- Washington 47179
- Wayne 47181
- White 47185
- Williamson 47187
- Wilson 47189
Texas view state ↗ 48 N ▾
- Anderson 48001
- Angelina 48005
- Bandera 48019
- Bell 48027
- Bowie 48037
- Brazoria 48039
- Brown 48049
- Cameron 48061
- Cherokee 48073
- Comal 48091
- Dallas 48113
- Edwards 48137
- Erath 48143
- Fannin 48147
- Freestone 48161
- Grayson 48181
- Grimes 48185
- Harris 48201
- Harrison 48203
- Houston 48225
- Hunt 48231
- Jasper 48241
- Johnson 48251
- Kaufman 48257
- Kendall 48259
- Kerr 48265
- Kimble 48267
- Liberty 48291
- Marion 48315
- McLennan 48309
- Nacogdoches 48347
- Newton 48351
- Polk 48373
- Real 48385
- Red River 48387
- Robertson 48395
- Sabine 48403
- San Saba 48411
- Smith 48423
- Tarrant 48439
- Tom Green 48451
- Travis 48453
- Trinity 48455
- Tyler 48457
- Upshur 48459
- Walker 48471
- Washington 48477
- Williamson 48491
§5Sources & provenance
USDA PLANTS
Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.
plants.usda.gov/FRCA13 ↗GBIF Backbone
Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.
gbif.org/species/3039468 ↗Record version
Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:
usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26
fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z