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Index / Search / Phleum pratense

§1 Plant

Phleum pratense L.

vernacular timothy — species · Poaceae

USDA
PHPR3
GBIF
9014945
Rank
species
timothy (Phleum pratense)
Platephotograph · Leanne WallisCC BY-NC source · iNaturalist ↗

§2Habit & range

Habit and range

Growth habit
Graminoid
Duration
Perennial
Group
Monocot
Family
Poaceae Barnhart
Genus
Phleum
§2a

Native status, by region

  • AK Alaska Introduced
  • CAN Canada Introduced
  • GL Greenland Introduced
  • HI Hawaii Introduced
  • L48 Lower 48 States Introduced
  • SPM St. Pierre & Miquelon Introduced
§2b

County-level range

· 1,465 counties across 48 states/territories
Legend Native · 0 Introduced · 1465 Both · 0 Hover a county for detail.

§3Cultivation specs · USDA

Recorded by the USDA Plant Materials Program.

§3a

Tolerances

Drought
Low
Shade
Medium
Moisture use
Medium
Fire
Medium
Salinity
Low
Anaerobic
Low
CaCO₃
High
Hedging
None
§3b

Climate & soil

Cold tolerance
-43 °F minimum
Frost-free days
90 min.
Precipitation
30–65 in/yr
pH range
5–7.8
Root depth
10 in min.
Fertility need
Medium
Soil texture
medium, fine
§3c

Form & growth

Growth form
Bunch
Growth rate
Rapid
Lifespan
Moderate
Mature height
3 ft
Foliage texture
Fine
Foliage colour
Green
Porosity (summer)
Moderate
Porosity (winter)
Porous
Flower colour
Yellow
Fruit colour
Brown
Fire resistant
No
N fixation
None
Toxicity
None
§3d

Reproduction

Bloom period
Late Spring
Seed abundance
High
Seed begins
Spring
Seed ends
Summer
Spread rate
Slow
Stratify
No
Seeds / lb
1,163,200
Propagation
seed
§3e

Use & availability

Commercial availability
Routinely Available
Nursery stock
No
Browse palatability
High
Graze palatability
High
Palatable, human
No
Protein potential
Medium
Lumber
No
Christmas tree
No

§4Counties, by state

Recorded in 1,465 counties across 48 states/territories.

Alabama view state ↗ 5 I ▾
Alaska view state ↗ 14 I ▾
Arizona view state ↗ 7 I ▾
Arkansas view state ↗ 17 I ▾
California view state ↗ 39 I ▾
Colorado view state ↗ 29 I ▾
Delaware view state ↗ 1 I ▾
District of Columbia view state ↗ 1 I ▾
Florida view state ↗ 1 I ▾
Georgia view state ↗ 12 I ▾
Idaho view state ↗ 32 I ▾
Illinois view state ↗ 102 I ▾
Indiana view state ↗ 54 I ▾
Iowa view state ↗ 38 I ▾
Kansas view state ↗ 58 I ▾
Kentucky view state ↗ 69 I ▾
Louisiana view state ↗ 4 I ▾
Maine view state ↗ 16 I ▾
Massachusetts view state ↗ 14 I ▾
Michigan view state ↗ 55 I ▾
Minnesota view state ↗ 67 I ▾
Mississippi view state ↗ 5 I ▾
Missouri view state ↗ 64 I ▾
Montana view state ↗ 41 I ▾
Nebraska view state ↗ 44 I ▾
Nevada view state ↗ 13 I ▾
New Hampshire view state ↗ 9 I ▾
New Jersey view state ↗ 18 I ▾
New Mexico view state ↗ 15 I ▾
New York view state ↗ 55 I ▾
North Carolina view state ↗ 72 I ▾
North Dakota view state ↗ 34 I ▾
Ohio view state ↗ 4 I ▾
Oklahoma view state ↗ 3 I ▾
Oregon view state ↗ 30 I ▾
Pennsylvania view state ↗ 67 I ▾
Rhode Island view state ↗ 4 I ▾
South Carolina view state ↗ 10 I ▾
South Dakota view state ↗ 15 I ▾
Tennessee view state ↗ 42 I ▾
Texas view state ↗ 4 I ▾
Utah view state ↗ 29 I ▾
Vermont view state ↗ 14 I ▾
Virginia view state ↗ 78 I ▾
Washington view state ↗ 26 I ▾
West Virginia view state ↗ 47 I ▾
Wisconsin view state ↗ 67 I ▾
Wyoming view state ↗ 20 I ▾

§5Sources & provenance

USDA PLANTS

Symbol, taxonomy, distribution, cultivation specs, native status. Public domain.

plants.usda.gov/PHPR3 ↗

GBIF Backbone

Canonical taxonomic identity, synonym resolution, cross-refs. CC0.

gbif.org/species/9014945 ↗

Record version

Cached and built locally. Source version on this record:

usda-plants-mt-2026-05-26

fetched 2026-05-26T20:46:58Z